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当前位置： 首页 > 售后 > 艺源智库
想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！
时间：2019-09-26 09:30:41
文章发布：李阳
原创作者：未知
来源：互联网

如今人工智能领域相当火热，各行各业都在布局人工智能在各自领域的应用。对话式交互设计依附于语音识别，语音处理等人工智能技术，在用户体验层面至关重要。基于谷歌对话式交互设计规范指南，本文将介绍自然对话的基础概念和合作原则。

想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！-艺源科技

△ 图片来源：谷歌对话式交互设计规范指南

人类所有的发明都来自于创意想法，而创意想法是通过语言交流来互相传播的。 文明是人类社会发展最高度的阶段，我们对于文明的理解和价值观是通过语言来切实表达的。

语言则通过对话来塑造和完善。对话就像是两个人之间的一份契约，对于目标结果需要相互的投入。但是，想要通过代码来实现对话却并不容易。

建立自然的人机对话是很困难的，因为人与人之间的交流太容易了。人类不会改变自身交流的方式。所以，想要让现代的用户界面接近符合上万年的人类进化语言，就需要利用我们对人与人之间交流方式的了解和认知，来教我们的机器人如何与人类交流。

——Nandini, Google’s Conversation Design Team


一、自然对话的基础理念

想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！-艺源科技

1. 轮流表达

在对话中我们基于互相来回传递的微妙信号进行轮流表达。如果会话中缺少这种有效的轮流互换，我们就有可能难以保持信息的同步或无法跟上对方的节奏。

想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！-艺源科技

△ 图片来源：Pinterest

2. 对话串联

在自然语言中，对话的所有元素通常会被连贯地串联起来，包括上下文以及随时间演进的对话方式。这种串联帮助我们跟进会话过程。

能够理解欣赏笑话幽默的人都知道，在交流中的每个回合都要注意上下文的关联性，并加强整体的交流。

想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！-艺源科技

3. 潜在效率

人们经常会用简略的口语交流，因为他们可以理解其中的含义。我们在对话中自动补全那些句子之间「没有被说出来的」潜台词，有些表达可以不言而喻。

但是与软件系统进行对话，就需要弥补人类语言中那些似乎不合逻辑的、无法被计算的自然属性。

想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！-艺源科技

4. 预估行为

人们会根据自己的实际情景和先前的经验，对同一事物使用不同的词汇和方式来表达。所以对话式界面应该支持这种多样性，提供所有用户自然顺畅的使用体验。

设计师不应该仅仅关注所谓的「愉悦路径」（happy path），还需要在所有场景中创造稳定的体验，即使是那些看起来像是「出错」的场景。在任何对话中都可能出错，就像人们经常会发现和修复自己的错误一样，设计师也必须能够在对话的过程中修复出现的问题。

想掌握对话式交互？先来学习自然对话的基础知识！-艺源科技


二、合作原则：Cooperative Principle

轮流表达、上下文和对话串联都是合作式对话的组成部分，这是由语言哲学家保罗·格里斯（Paul Grice）普及的一个概念。格里斯把它称为合作原则（Cooperative Principle）。他还创建了「格里斯原理」(Grice’s Maxims)，来诠释他所观察到的对话的本质规则——人们的相互交谈应该尽可能的真诚、详实、有相关性并且清晰。

对话式 UI 也应该尝试遵循这些固有的合作原则，同时要准备好支持那些谨慎的用户，因为过去他们可能使用过其他体验糟糕的对话式界面。


三、总结

理解了人类自然对话的基本原理是对话式交互设计的基础，才能更好的设计出符合用户自然的人机对话体验。

小程序开发
标签： 对话式UI 对话式交互 用户体验 经验分享 设计语言
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